Back of man starting at huge dollar bill with arrow in front heading lower

MARCH 30, 2023

Mortgage Rates Hit Lowest Level in 6 Weeks

By Matt Ott

At 6.32%, the average 30-year, fixed-rate mortgage declined from last week’s average 6.42% – a ray of hope for buyers seeking to secure a home this spring.

WASHINGTON – The average long-term U.S. mortgage rate inched down this week to its lowest level in six weeks, just as the spring buying season gets underway.

Mortgage buyer Freddie Mac reported Thursday that the average on the benchmark 30-year rate fell for the third straight week to 6.32%, from 6.42% last week. The average rate a year ago was 4.67%.

The recent decline in mortgage rates is good news for prospective homebuyers, as many were pushed to the sidelines during the past year as the Federal Reserve cranked up its main borrowing rate nine straight times in a bid to bring down stubborn, four-decade high inflation.

Also helping buyers, home prices appear to be leveling off. The national median home price slipped 0.2% from February last year to $363,000, marking the first annual decline in 13 years, according to the National Association of Realtors.

One thing that hasn’t gotten much better is the supply of homes.

“Over the last several weeks, declining rates have brought borrowers back to the market, but as the spring home buying season gets underway, low inventory remains a key challenge for prospective buyers,” said Sam Khater, Freddie Mac’s chief economist.

Rising borrowing costs can add hundreds of dollars a month in costs for homebuyers and put the brakes on the housing market. Before surging 14.5% in February, sales of existing homes had fallen for 12 straight months to the slowest pace in more than a dozen years.

In 2022, existing U.S. home sales fell 17.8% from 2021, the weakest year for home sales since 2014 and the biggest annual decline since the housing crisis began in 2008, the National Association of Realtors reported earlier this year.

The average long-term rate hit 7.08% in the fall – a two-decade high – as the Federal Reserve quickly cranked up its key lending rate with multiple jumbo hikes in a bid to cool the economy and stymie persistent, four-decade high inflation.

In their latest quarterly economic projections, the policymakers forecast that they expect to raise that key rate just once more – from its new level of about 4.9% to 5.1%, the same peak they had projected in December.

While the Fed’s rate hikes do impact borrowing rates across the board for businesses and families, rates on 30-year mortgages usually track the moves in the 10-year Treasury yield, which lenders use as a guide to pricing loans. Investor expectations for future inflation, global demand for U.S. Treasurys and what the Federal Reserve does with interest rates can also influence the cost of borrowing for a home.

Treasury yields have fluctuated wildly since the collapse of two mid-size U.S. banks two weeks ago. The yield on the 10-year Treasury, which helps set rates for mortgages and other important loans, was 3.57% Thursday, but had been above 4% early in March.

The rate for a 15-year mortgage, popular with those refinancing their homes, fell this week to 5.56% from 5.68% last week. It was 3.83% one year ago.

Copyright 2023 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without permission.


Existing-Home Sales Surged 14.5% in February, Ending 12-Month Streak of Declines

Largest monthly percentage increase since July 2020

March 21, 2023 Media Contact:  Troy Green 202-383-1042
Read full NAR article

Key Highlights

  • Existing-home sales jumped 14.5% in February to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 4.58 million, snapping a 12-month slide and representing the largest monthly percentage increase since July 2020 (+22.4%). Compared to one year ago, however, sales retreated 22.6%.
  • The median existing-home sales price decreased 0.2% from the previous year to $363,000.
  • The inventory of unsold existing homes was unchanged from the prior month at 980,000 at the end of February, or the equivalent of 2.6 months’ supply at the current monthly sales pace.

WASHINGTON (March 21, 2023) – Existing-home sales reversed a 12-month slide in February, registering the largest monthly percentage increase since July 2020, according to the National Association of REALTORS®. Month-over-month sales rose in all four major U.S. regions. All regions posted year-over-year declines.

Total existing-home sales,1 https://www.nar.realtor/existing-home-sales – completed transactions that include single-family homes, townhomes, condominiums and co-ops – vaulted 14.5% from January to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 4.58 million in February. Year-over-year, sales fell 22.6% (down from 5.92 million in February 2022).

“Conscious of changing mortgage rates, home buyers are taking advantage of any rate declines,” said NAR Chief Economist Lawrence Yun. “Moreover, we’re seeing stronger sales gains in areas where home prices are decreasing and the local economies are adding jobs.”

Total housing inventory2 registered at the end of February was 980,000 units, identical to January and up 15.3% from one year ago (850,000). Unsold inventory sits at a 2.6-month supply at the current sales pace, down 10.3% from January but up from 1.7 months in February 2022.

“Inventory levels are still at historic lows,” Yun added. “Consequently, multiple offers are returning on a good number of properties.”

The median existing-home price3 for all housing types in February was $363,000, a decline of 0.2% from February 2022 ($363,700), as prices climbed in the Midwest and South yet waned in the Northeast and West. This ends a streak of 131 consecutive months of year-over-year increases, the longest on record.

Properties typically remained on the market for 34 days in February, up from 33 days in January and 18 days in February 2022. Fifty-seven percent of homes sold in February were on the market for less than a month.

First-time buyers were responsible for 27% of sales in February, down from 31% in January and 29% in February 2022. NAR’s 2022 Profile of Home Buyers and Sellers – released in November 20224 – found that the annual share of first-time buyers was 26%, the lowest since NAR began tracking the data.

All-cash sales accounted for 28% of transactions in February, down from 29% in January but up from 25% in February 2022.

Individual investors or second-home buyers, who make up many cash sales, purchased 18% of homes in February, up from 16% in January but down from 19% in February 2022.

Distressed sales5 – foreclosures and short sales – represented 2% of sales in February, nearly identical to last month and one year ago.

According to Freddie Mac, the 30-year fixed-rate mortgage(link is external) averaged 6.60% as of March 16. That’s down from 6.73% from the previous week but up from 4.16% one year ago.

Read full NAR article


Week of March 10th Weekly Real Estate Update

Key Findings:

  • The median listing price grew by 6.3% over last year. Growth in the typical asking price of for-sale homes moved lower after a slight uptick last week’s pace, once again hitting a new low since June 2020, when the housing market was beginning to bounce back from the initial pandemic shock. While the housing market had shown some signs of stabilizing, a renewed climb in mortgage rates could undermine the recovery. With the Fed signaling that higher rates for longer may be necessary to tame inflation, all eyes are focused on their March statement and clues on how their view of the future has evolved. 
  • New listings–a measure of sellers putting homes up for sale–were again down, this week by 26% from one year ago. For 35 weeks now, fewer homeowners put their homes on the market for sale than at this time one year ago. Until this week, the gap was slightly smaller than we saw in the last quarter of 2022. In February, attitudes toward housing worsened among both potential buyers and potential sellers as mortgage rates began to climb again and respondents reported lower job security. These attitudes could mean ongoing weakness in the number of homeowners deciding to sell. 
  • Active inventory growth continued to climb with for-sale homes up 61% above one year ago. Inventories of for-sale homes rose again, but the gain was the lowest we’ve seen since December. With new listings lagging behind year-ago pace, the growing number of homes for sale reflects longer time on market rather than an influx of sellers. It’s also important to remember that this year over year comparison is relative to early 2022, when active listings were at or near long-term lows. Even after these huge year over year gains, February data show that nationwide there are only just more than half as many homes for sale as were available pre-pandemic (-47%). 
  • Homes spent 18 extra days on the market compared to this time last year. For 31 weeks, homes on the market have been for-sale longer than was typical one year ago. After rising steadily from summer 2022, the gap surged early in 2023, surpassing the 3 week mark in mid-February. This week, however, marks the third week that the gap has shrunk even as new listings remain scarce, suggesting that buyers are active in the market, even if they are not as numerous as this time last year. Our February Housing Trends Report helps put these changes into context. Even though the median home listing was on the market for 67 days, 23 days longer than this time last year, this still trailed the pre-pandemic average for February by a nearly equal amount (20 days). In other words, using time on market as a guide, today’s housing market is halfway between its most frenetic period one year ago and what was typical before the pandemic-era frenzy. This means that the market has room to adjust in either direction, and mortgage rates will likely play a strong role in determining whether the market slows further or picks up speed.

NAR: ‘Home Sales Are Bottoming Out’

February 21, 2023 By: Melissa Dittmann Tracey

Spring is around the corner, and the signs are pointing to a pick-up in sales on the horizon. Read more from NAR’s latest housing report.

saleswoman greeting female customers while standing outside house

Existing-home sales continued to ease in January, marking a yearlong stretch of declines coming off pandemic-fueled highs. But median home prices still are rising.

Total existing-home sales—completed transactions that include single-family homes, townhomes, condos and co-ops—decreased 0.7% in January compared to December 2022, the National Association of REALTORS® reported Tuesday. Home sales are down nearly 37% compared to a year earlier (at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 4 million in January).

But as mortgage rates begin to stabilize, economists are hopeful for a turnaround in sales activity for the housing market heading into spring.

“Home sales are bottoming out,” says Lawrence Yun, NAR’s chief economist. “Prices vary depending on a market’s affordability, with lower-priced regions witnessing modest growth and more expensive regions experiencing declines.”

Overall, the median existing-home sales price nationwide rose 1.3% compared to a year ago, reaching $359,000, NAR reports. Home prices climbed in three out of the four major regions of the U.S., only falling in the West last month.  

The supply of homes for sale continues to be tight in most markets across the country, helping to keep home prices higher. Still, total housing inventory rose 2.1% in January month-over-month and is up by 15.3% compared to a year ago. Unsold inventory, remains, at a brisk, 2.9-month supply at the current sales pace.

“Inventory remains low, but buyers are beginning to have better negotiating power,” Yun says. “Homes sitting on the market for more than 60 days can be purchased for around 10% less than the original list price.”

Here’s a closer look at other key indicators from NAR’s latest housing report:
Days on the market: Fifty-four percent of homes sold in January were on the market for less than a month in January. On average, properties remained on the market for 33 days in January, up from 26 days in December and 19 days a year earlier.
First-time home buyers: As competition lessens, first-time home buyers are re-emerging. First-time buyers accounted for 31% of sales in January, up from 27% a year earlier.
All-cash sales: All-cash transactions comprised 29% of sales in January, up from 27% in January 2022. Individual investors and second-home buyers tend to make up the biggest bulk of all-cash sales. They purchased 16% of homes in January, down from 22% a year earlier.
Distressed sales: Foreclosures and short sales continue to make up a very small share of sales. Distressed sales accounted for 1% of sales in January, matching levels from a year earlier.
 
Regional Snapshot
Here’s how existing-home sales fared across the country in January:

  • Northeast: Existing-home sales fell 3.8% from December, reaching an annual rate of 500,000 in January. Sales were down nearly 36% from a year earlier. Median price: $383,000, up 0.3% from January 2022
  • Midwest: Sales decreased 5% compared to the previous month, reaching an annual rate of 960,000 in January. Sales were down 33.3% from one year ago. Median price: $252,300, up 2.7% from January 2022
  • South: Sales rose 1.1% in January compared to December, reaching an annual rate of 1.82 million. Sales are down nearly 37% from the prior year. Median price: $332,500, an increase of 3.4% from one year ago
  • West: Existing-home sales increased 2.9% in January, reaching an annual rate of 720,000, but still down 42.4% from the previous year. Median price: $525,200, down 4.6% from January 2022

Weekly Housing Market Update -2/17/2023

This week, Chief Economist Danielle Hale discusses what small business optimism, consumer and producer inflation data, and retail sales data signal about the U.S. economy. She also highlights what these data imply for the Fed’s likely path forward.

0:10 – Business optimism trends
0:25 – Inflation trends
1:24 – Mortgage rates
1:40 – Construction trends
2:11 – Real estate listings trends


Yes, You Should Buy a House This Year

family on front porch of house holding sold sign

FEBRUARY 6, 2023

By Brian O’Connell

Buyers who wait for more inventory, lower interest rates or something else may never own a home. And given history, 2023 is a pretty good year to commit.

McDONOUGH, Ga. – Mortgage rates are finally falling across the fruited plains, with rates in the 5.6% range for a 30-year fixed mortgage not uncommon in early February. Couple that with declining home prices and an uptick in the residential real estate inventory, and it looks like the great American homebuyer finally has leverage after two years of home sellers calling the shots.

“2023 will be better for buyers,” said Magellan Realty LLC mortgage broker Alex Caras. “As the Federal Reserve keeps interest rates at the current levels, the buying market will start to open up more, reducing competition for existing homes.”

Construction woes brought on by the supply chain issues are also being eased, “so more new homes will be on the market,” Caras added.

Buyers getting an edge

Those are the macro reasons why U.S. homebuyers have a leg up going into the busy spring and summer real estate season. Buyers should have an edge thanks to these five realities, as well.

1. Mega-high prices are a thing of the past. “The price climbing we saw in 2020 and 2021 has hit a plateau,” said Guaranteed Rate Mortgage Senior Vice President of Lending Jennifer Beeston. “It took a good chunk of 2022 for many sellers to realize 2021 is long gone and they needed to be more realistic with the pricing and condition of their home.”

In addition, buyers see a return to a more balanced market in 2023. “Now, buyers actually can get inspections and can negotiate prices,” Beeston said. “That wasn’t the case with the drama of 2022.”

2. The Federal Reserve is hitting the brakes. The U.S. Federal Reserve is slowing down its policy of substantial interest rate increases that were prevalent in 2022.

“This means more buyers will be able to purchase a home at a lower rate,” Caras told TheStreet. “Home prices have been reduced to a more reasonable level as well, and this will continue for much of 2023 as the competition to purchase homes has lessened.”

3. The pandemic is over. Buyers will have an opportunity to negotiate again in 2023 and even more so in 2024.

“We’re likely going to see some distressed sales and sellers will need to become more realistic,” said Pulse International Realty founder Rena Kliot. “The spike in home prices is not sustainable and was in direct correlation to the pandemic. During the dark days of the pandemic, there were many desperate and emotional purchases.”

4. Changing residential market tastes. While single-family homes will continue to be popular, the U.S. condo market will return in full swing.

“Life as we knew it seems to be returning and that is drawing people back to urban dwelling – especially with condo living,” Kliot said. “Condo prices are now also more affordable or negotiable than single-family residences.”

5. Strong signals from the stock market. Across the U.S., there seems to be a general sigh of relief the worst has passed.

“Inflation has peaked, interest rates have peaked, and home prices have peaked for now,” said Elegran Real Estate managing director Jared Antin. “The stock market – notably the tech-heavy NASDAQ – has seen a significant rebound thus far in 2023, which instills a certain level of confidence in the consumer.”

The falling market through much of 2022 had the opposite effect, reducing consumer appetite for a new home with rising interest rates and inflation.

“Now, a more positive consumer base will help fuel a rebounding real estate market,” Antin noted.

One of the most important things a would-be home buyer should do right now is to stay hopeful and be prepared.

“Don’t assume that just because you’re having trouble finding a home now, or can’t afford a house at today’s rates, that you’ll never be a homeowner,” LendingTree senior economist Jacob Channel. “If you have patience and are willing to compromise on some things, like how many bathrooms your house needs to have or what specific neighborhood you require, you can make your dream of homeownership a reality.”

Additionally, being prepared financially when a good deal arises is critical right now.

“Be diligent about saving money and make all of your monthly payments on time to protect your credit,” Chanel told TheStreet. “Also, shop around and compare mortgage offers from different lenders or look into different mortgage loan programs – like FHA or USDA backed loans – so you can make the home buying experience more affordable.”

Copyright © 2023 Henry Daily Herald. All rights reserved.


At 6.14%, Weekly Mortgage Rates Hit Sept. Lows

Back of man starting at huge dollar bill with arrow in front heading lower

JANUARY 19, 2023

It’s down from last week’s 6.33%. Freddie Mac’s chief economist says it provides a “much-needed boost” for the housing market, but inventory is a concern.

Copyright 2023 The Associated Press. All rights reserved.

WASHINGTON (AP) – The average long-term U.S. mortgage rate fell this week to its lowest level since September, a potential boost to the housing market which has been in decline for nearly a year.

Mortgage buyer Freddie Mac reported Thursday that the average on the benchmark 30-year rate fell to 6.15% from 6.33% last week. A year ago the average rate was 3.56%.

The average long-term rate reached a two-decade high of 7.08% in the fall as the Federal Reserve continued to boost its key lending rate in its quest to cool the economy and tame inflation.

The big rise in mortgage rates during the past year has throttled the housing market, with sales of existing homes falling for 10 straight months to the lowest level in more than a decade.

Though home prices have retreated as demand has declined, they are still nearly 11% higher than a year ago. Higher prices and a doubling of mortgage rates have made homebuying much less affordable for many people, but recent rate declines could give some homebuyers new hope.

“Rates are at their lowest level since September of last year, boosting both homebuyer demand and homebuilder sentiment,” said Sam Khater, Freddie Mac’s chief economist. “Declining rates are providing a much-needed boost to the housing market, but the supply of homes remains a persistent concern.”

At its final meeting of 2022, the Federal Reserve raised its rate 0.50 percentage points, its seventh increase last year. That pushed the central bank’s key rate to a range of 4.25% to 4.5%, its highest level in 15 years.

Though inflation at the consumer level has declined for six straight months, Fed officials have signaled that they may raise the central bank’s main borrowing rate another three-quarters of a point in 2023, which would be in a range of 5% to 5.25%.

Rates for 30-year mortgages usually track the moves in the 10-year Treasury yield, which lenders use as a guide to pricing loans. Investors’ expectations for future inflation, global demand for U.S. Treasurys and what the Federal Reserve does with interest rates can also influence the cost of borrowing for a home.

The rate for a 15-year mortgage, popular with those refinancing their homes, also declined this week, to 5.28% from 5.52% last week. It was 2.79% one year ago.


3 wooden homes, a pile of money and an FHA loan sign

Andrii Yalanskyi, Getty Images

DECEMBER 2, 2022

FHA Announces 2023 Loan Floors and Ceilings

By Kerry Smith

Loans for single units range from $472,030, the floor, to $1,089,300, the ceiling. For four units, it’s $907,000 to over $2M – and in some non-Fla. areas, over $3M.

WASHINGTON – The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) announced new loan limits for calendar year 2023 for its Single Family Title II forward and Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) insurance programs.

For most of the country, loan limits will increase next year due to house price appreciation during the first half of 2022, which is factored into calculations FHA uses to determine the limits each year. The yearly increase calculations for FHA loans and those backed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are written into law.

“The loan limits announced today reflect steep increases in home prices throughout much of the country and will ensure continued access to FHA-insured mortgage financing despite those increases,” said Assistant Secretary for Housing and Federal Housing Commissioner Julia Gordon.

Forward mortgage loan limits

Range of prices for 2023 FHA loans based on location and number of units

Mortgage limits for the special exception areas of Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands are adjusted by FHA to account for higher costs of construction.

In 2023 the maximum loan limits for FHA forward mortgages will rise in 3,222 counties. In 12 counties, FHA’s loan limits will remain unchanged. By statute, the median home price for a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is based on the county within the MSA that has the highest median price.

HECM loan limits

The HECM maximum claim amount will increase from $970,800 this year to $1,089,300 for FHA case numbers assigned on or after Jan. 1, 2023. This maximum claim amount is applicable to all areas, including the special exception areas of Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

To find a complete list of FHA loan limits, areas at the FHA ceiling, and areas between the floor and the ceiling, visit FHA’s Loan Limits Page.

© 2022 Florida Realtors®


NAR: 3Q Home Prices Up in 98% of Metros

By Kerry Smith -NOVEMBER 11, 2022

Home prices rose 8.6% in 3Q, with 46% of metros seeing double-digit price growth – a drop from 80% in 2Q. Of the top 10 high-price-increase metros, 7 are in Fla.

WASHINGTON – An overwhelming majority of metro markets saw home price gains in the third quarter of 2022, according to the National Association of Realtors® (NAR). That increase was in spite of rising mortgage rates that approached 7% and declining sales.

Of the 185 metros NAR tracks, 46% had double-digit price increases, though that’s down from 80% in the second quarter.

The national median single-family existing-home price climbed 8.6% year-to-year to $398,500. While still a notable price increase, it’s down from the 14.2% recorded in the previous quarter.

“Much lower buying capacity has slowed home price growth and the trend will continue until mortgage rates stop rising,” says NAR Chief Economist Lawrence Yun. “The median income needed to buy a typical home has risen to $88,300 – that’s almost $40,000 more than it was prior to the start of the pandemic back in 2019.”

Among the major U.S. regions, the South registered the largest share of single-family existing-home sales (44%) and the greatest year-over-year price appreciation (11.9%) in the third quarter. Prices were up 8.2% in the Northeast, 7.4% in the West, and 6.6% in the Midwest.

Fla. has 7 of top 10 metros for price growth

  1. North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton – 23.8%
  2. Lakeland-Winter Haven – 21.2%
  3. Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, S.C.-N.C. – 21.1%
  4. Panama City – 20.5%
  5. Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach – 19.6%
  6. Port St. Lucie – 19.4%
  7. Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, S.C. – 18.9%
  8. Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, Tenn.-Va. – 18.8%
  9. Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater – 18.8%
  10. Ocala (18.8%

10 most expensive markets in the U.S.

  1. San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Calif. – $1,688,000; 2.3%
  2. San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, Calif. – $1,300,000; -3.7%
  3. Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine, Calif. – $1,200,000; 9.1%
  4. Urban Honolulu, Hawaii – $1,127,400; 7.6%
  5. San Diego-Carlsbad, Calif. – $900,000; 5.9%
  6. Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, Calif. – $893,200; 3.8%
  7. Boulder, Colo. – $826,900; 7.5%
  8. Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island – $746,600; 16.7%
  9. Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, Wash. – $741,300; 4.6%
  10. Boston-Cambridge-Newton, Mass.-N.H. – $698,900; 6.2%

“The more expensive markets on the West Coast will likely experience some price declines following this rapid price appreciation, which is the result of many years of limited home building,” Yun says. “The Midwest, with relatively affordable home prices, will likely continue to see price gains as incomes and rents both rise.”

Higher cost for monthly payments

In the third quarter of 2022, stubbornly high home prices and increasing mortgage rates reduced housing affordability. The monthly mortgage payment on a typical existing single-family home with a 20% down payment was $1,840. That’s a marginal increase from the second quarter ($1,837) but a significant year-to-year jump of $614 – or 50%.

Families typically spent 25% of their income on mortgage payments, down from 25.3% in the prior quarter, but up from 17.2% one year ago.

“A return to a normal spread between the government borrowing rate and the home purchase borrowing rate will bring the 30-year mortgage rates down to around 6%,” Yun says. “The usual spread between the 10-year Treasury yield and the 30-year mortgage rate is between 150 to 200 basis points, rather than the current spread of 300 basis points.”

First-time buyer challenges

First-time buyers looking to purchase a typical home during the third quarter of 2022 continued to feel the impact of housing’s growing unaffordability. For a typical starter home valued at $338,700 with a 10% down payment loan, the monthly mortgage payment rose to $1,808 – nearly identical to the previous quarter ($1,807) but an increase of almost $600 (49%), from one year ago ($1,210).

First-time buyers typically spent 37.8% of their family income on mortgage payments, up from 36.8% in the previous quarter. A mortgage is considered unaffordable if the monthly payment (principal and interest) amounts to more than 25% of the family’s income.

A family needed a qualifying income of at least $100,000 to afford a 10% down payment mortgage in 59 markets, up from 53 in the prior quarter. Yet, a family needed a qualifying income of less than $50,000 to afford a home in 17 markets, down from 23 in the previous quarter.

© 2022 Florida Realtors®


Real Estates Current Market Silver Lining

For those looking for the good news about today’s real estate market. A bit of a deep dive, about 60 minutes worth but excellently delivered. Three main facts tell us it’s not all doom and gloom. Combine them with the time of year and the general fear that has most buyers/sellers on the sidelines, spells opportunity. (40:00). We can help should you decide to take advantage of today’s market.

  • Historical trends, what happens after quantitative tightening (12:00)
  • Demographics, there’s a lot of millennials (24:50)
  • Inventory levels, yes they are still historically low (22:00)